The Role of a Staff Accountant - Fitch Ratings Company Essay

The Role of a Staff Accountant - Fitch Ratings Company - Essay Example This position reports directly to Marvin Goodells (Junior Vice President) and is operated by division leader Thelma Brackley (Division Superintendent). All matters of business or personal matters should be brought to Mr Goodells as part of Fitch rating management hierarchy. Because staff accountancy involves knowledge within a wide field of finance, it is important to understand how to perform well in this new position. Internal auditing, specifically, involves extensive review of ledger histories. These are located in the left-hand file cabinet under the â€Å"reconciliation† tab. All copies of your daily logs must be posted in chronological order at the end of the closing accountancy day. Auditing consists of comparing the electronic records with that of the staff general ledgers. All proposed discrepancies, if any, will be highlighted in green and distributed by Marvin Goodells on the 24th of each month. When discrepancies can be explained, with appropriate documentation, a commentary section is appended to the report where definitions or scenarios must be discussed for the inconsistency. This report, when reconciled, must be delivered to Mr Goodells’ exterior office mailbox by the last reporting day of the month. Once monthly, you will meet with Thelma Brackley to discuss your role in various customer accounting. She will ask to see all of your balance sheets for a specific date or time period, and it is required by the policy that you are able to produce those records instantaneously. As such, it is important to understand the filing system of the office. All general ledger notifications are to be tabbed red, payroll information is labelled green, and balance sheets are labelled with blue tabs. These tabs are located in the copy office, merely ask Tina (the office manager) for replacements if you can find none. Affix these tabs to each day’s records, place their photocopy in the file drawer with the appropriate coloured tab, and file the records in descending dates facing away from you.  Ã‚  

Equality frequently throughout the texts Essay Example for Free

Equality frequently throughout the texts Essay Equality is understood and implied differently by everyone. Thats why it is easier said than done to pin point what equality truly is, or else can be classed as. Thomas Mores Utopia and Gorge Orwells 1984 explore the issues of equality frequently throughout the texts, although it is the same theme that is portrayed, the way in which they do it is individual to their personal views and interpretations of equality, which is often effect by there culture and the time period of which was written. Thomas More implies the theme of equality throughout the book through the subject matter of labour and education. Farming is everybodys job The women and men both have equal opportunity to study a trade as well as functioning in farming. Furthermore, the Utopians all have the same working hours and hours of free time, building the people into an equal unit, contrasting to a status based capitalist countries. More eludes the sense of equality through the use of pedantic numerical figures, omnisciently manipulating the reader into believing in this all equal society without questioning, almost creating a semblance. More continues to reinforce the theme of equality by touching on the Utopians educational methods. An illustration of this would be the fact that students are taught in mixed ability groups, there is no higher achy foundation or higher tiers. Utopians are all taught equally rather than individualising them through different intellectual ability. From the word go the Utopians are indoctrinated into prioritising agriculture. They are all required to study from a small selection of trades; this removes the ability to make individual choices making the utopians become psychologically equal. This is so the people do not became philosophical and start questioning their society, therefore they are all equally being manipulated. More eludes equality through synthetically listing the trades, subliminally making us believe Utopians have a large choice of trades, when in reality there is a small restricting hand full that makes sure people are equal and can not gain status through their work place. Everyone is brought up to have equal aims working the trade that is essential to the Utopians survival. More successfully creates a constant feel for equality trough the repetition of plural pronouns; they all everyone The connotation of the lexical choices used suggest of equality and collaboration. More never individualises anyone, an example of this would be the fact that during this passage Raphael never uses the names of the people this subliminally reinforces equality. Practicality is clearly an equal priority for the Utopians; essential to the public They only practice trades that are essential to survival their clothing is produced based on practicality in the work place as well as every day functioning although this way of life sounds lifeless and boring nether the less Raphael seems to enjoy it; these clothes are quite pleasant to look at Mores descriptive writing creates an image, a sea of people who are equal physically and mentally, the imagery produced create a feel of indoctrination the connotation of this passage, produced by the suggestive lexical choices suggest of a society were individually has disappeared so much so that even physically they are starting to look equal. Raphael continues to talk about clothing; Everyone wears the same sort of clothing This removes individual style and stereotypes from society, therefore no one has the chance to convey7 power or status through how they dress. This however is a complete juxtaposition to the society More comes from; were people such as Henry the 8th, rely heavily on fashion to convey their wealth and power. However the portrayal of complete and utter equality is clearly ironical contrasted by the fact that Raphael then goes on to state they vary according to sex and material status This presence the theme of equality through the use of inequality. George Orwells 1984 suggests of an emotional equality by describing hate week; savage, barking rhythm The military connotation suggests that the musics purpose is to evoke strong emotion. This implies that Big Brother aims to create unity of the people through emotional hate. The purpose of this would be to create an equal response from society as a whole making sure none question the meaning of hate week. Orwell makes us as the reader also feel the hate by pace shifting the text through the use of a asyndetical sentence structure, causing the reader to read at a faster pace therefore, making us feel emotionally equal to the characters because the read to feels the tension and rush they seem to feel in the book. Propaganda is introduced through the use of branding; victory mansion The mention of victory items is a constant theme right the way through the book. The repetition and reinforcements of possessions such as victory gin creates propaganda were the characters are equally subliminally manipulated. The characters are force to believe in the sense of winning there is no question of losing, they are so confident about the matter in hand. Furthermore this creates equality as they all have the same branding of products therefore know one can be classed as having a higher status or amount of wealth due to the branding they own. This has the same principles of why the utopians wear the same sort of clothing, also in 1984 they have to wear the same overalls, removing any individuality for society making all equal. This is a contrast to Orwells society were certain branded items implied you may have more class. Orwell starts using metaphorical references to describe Winston and Julia; lay side by side on a stripped bed under the opens windows, naked for the sake of coolness. The rat never came back but the bugs had manipulated Their nudity portrays a sense of equal vulnerability in which they both feel free and careless of their surroundings. Furthermore they are both equally disobeying the rules of their society, both continuing to question the regulations, in other word Julia and Winston are unified and are equally taking a stand by no longer fighting their sexual animal instincts. Julia and Winston are portrayed as an equal force, they both have equal power over each other. The bugs produce connotations of being dirty which is what society views on sex, this is metaphorical for Julia and Winston being scandalise and dirty. The rats however represents humans natural animalised sexual instinct. The bugs and rats implied meaning contrast massively.

Operational Activities of Tesco and Coca Cola

Operational Activities of Tesco and Coca Cola Executive Summary Operations management plays a key role in achieving the performance objectives at Tesco and Coca Cola. The underlying aim is to pace in such a way that the focus lays on the customer needs and wants while the organization stays profitable. Substantial facts have been established with sole focus on utilization of resources by both the companies in an efficient manner. Organizational difference between the two companies has been highlighted under the light of operations management. And an evaluation mix based on both the organizations operational framework is elaborated depicting various factors involved. A critical analysis on the structure of both the organizations is provided which mainly entails the similarities and differences on their respective processes and operations. Contents Section A In the following section, introduction to the selected companies is provided in which a deep insight into the identification of current customers is discussed and what current strategies are applied to them. Along with that, it has also been explained that how the operations are aligned to the customer needs. Introduction to TESCO Tesco is the largest retailer chain in the UK and the third largest in the world. To be exact, as stated in Tesco About Us, (2010), it has operations in 2,362 stores in Britain alone. Tesco started off by trading only groceries but now it merchandizes almost every consumer product ranging from a needle to consumer electronics and financial serves. It has grown through various acquisitions of businesses. As Tesco has grown and so have its employees. Tesco currently employs 286,394 staff in the UK and over 460,000 worldwide (The Times 100 , 2009). To serve bigger markets it needs well-trained staff. The UK is the companys largest market, where it operates under four banners of Extra, Superstore, Metro and Express. The company sells almost 40,000 food products, including clothing and other non-food lines. The companys own-label products (50 percent of sales) are at three levels, value, normal and finest. It knows that better staff knowledge, skills and job satisfaction is all vital to i ts further growth.( http://ivoryresearch.com/sample5.php) 2.1 Customers Current trends indicate that British customers have moved towards one-stop and bulk shopping, which is due to a variety of social changes. Tesco have, therefore, increased the amount of non-food items available for sale. Tesco is purely a consumer centred organization. It constantly strives to offer new services, products and ways to shop. It also makes sure that the delivery is executed on time and is hassle free with no strings attached. Its customers include two entities which comprise of B2C and B2B; domestic or regular buyers and small businesses that buy in bulk for further retail, respectively. According to Baba, (2009), Tesco has an aggregate market share of 30.5% with ASDA following it with about half the lag. 2.2 Alignment All the stores are linked to a database and inventory control is ensured in order to meet the consumer demands. It keeps on giving discounts on goods that are in demand and customer focussed. Especially during seasonal events, Tesco has the policy of lowering the prices while maintaining the quality of products as well services offered. Tesco makes use of advance technology in its routine as well as specialized chores. It has innovated and deployed cameras to reduce queues on self-service tills. This is considered as a breakthrough in mechanized retail business. Introduction to Coca Cola Coca Cola started it operations from Atlanta in 1886 as a drug to relieve from headache by a pharmacist Dr. John S Pemberton. Later it became popular and was put into production as a carbonated cola drink. Currently, The Coca Cola Company is the worlds leading manufacturer, marketer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups, and produces nearly 400 brands. Its winning team comprises of over 92,800 employees globally. It has operations in more than 200 countries. Coca Cola Great Britain (CCGB) offers 21 brands and over a hundred products to the consumers in the UK. Its regional headquarters are situated in west London. 3.1 Customers Coca Cola is a refreshing and invigorating brand and caters to the same market as such. Customers include the youth and young adults but kids and adults have also shown frequent consumption patterns over time. According to Coca Cola, (2010), it offers about 1.6 billion servings of its products to the consumers per day. This represents that it has a huge customer base and is very popular among many. 3.2 Alignment Coca Colas vast operations system is responsible of catering to variable demand of its consumers. With a customer base this large, it has concentrated on its supply chain system to ensure ready availability of Coca Cola products to its consumers. It has marketed itself at the right place and at the right time to ensure its presence among its valued customers. It has catered to the regional values and blended itself into the culture of its consumers such that it keeps the customer relationship bond intact. Analysis 4.1 Total Quality Management (TQM) As mentioned by Oakland, (1995), Total Quality Management is a mix of total quality and total management. It specifies quality, defines service and quality of service. Following are a few of the TQM principles adopted by both the selected companies. 4.1.1 Employee Training Employee training and personnel development is an integral part of any organization. Be it the top management or the field staff, training is very important. (Pulat, 1994) Tescos vast operations and customer handling requires a subtly well trained staff. For this they conduct regular checks and performance measurements to identify key deficiencies in the system and try to uproot them through proper training. Similarly, introduction of new products or services in the brand portfolio requires development of employees. Coca Cola relies on training its valuable staff periodically. Be it the innovative technology improvement in production or new inventory management software, Coca Cola strives to provide their workforce with trainings ranging from basic level to the advanced. 4.1.2 Continuous Improvement Continuous improvement is a very basic concept of TQM and must be a part of every organization. Tesco practices commitment towards closed loop feedback for system correction. It focuses on the communication process and obtains feedback both from its employees and from the customers to accelerate the improvement process. Coca Cola, on the other hand, practices continuous improvement which means that the processes should be made so efficient that no defective article reaches the marketplace. Hence, straightening the processes such that they are aligned to the customer needs. 4.1.3 Teamwork In the current scenario of cut throat competition in the market, firms need to be equipped with multi-dimensional, flexible and competitive workforce to be effective. Coca Cola train its staff in order to create cross functional teams which, in return, give the company harmonized systems of control till the lowest level of hierarchy. Tesco creates opportunities for its workers to hone their teamwork abilities by assigning them a variety of projects. It, hence, synergizes its employees in pursuit of a common goal customer satisfaction. 4.2 Marketing strategies According to Etzel, (2008), marketing strategy is a process which involves utilization of limited resources to attain opportunities and eventually, customer satisfaction. Following are some growth strategies designed to identify and focus on the customer. 4.2.1 Cost Support System Cost support system signifies that the organization is leading the business due to its low cost of production. Tesco being a market leader in retail store business has managed to cut its costs in many ways. It has implanted automated tills where customers are enjoying self-service. Through this it has managed to cut some of its human resource employment cost. Additionally, the implementation of adequate inventory control system has slashed Tescos over or under filling problems which has, in return, saved marginal expenses. Coca Cola has adopted new ways of bottling and through proper research, managed to reduce any wastage cost. Besides, they have their own filtration and recycling plants which have condensed water usage by 21% (Coca Cola, 2010). 4.2.2 Market Subdivision Market subdivision is done in order to identify the individuals who share one or more characteristic that distinguishes them with respect to demand of similar products based on qualities and prices etc. Coca Cola has segmented its product to the young generation which is energetic and dynamic. It has positioned itself in the same way as it target market is. It is available everywhere in the form of bottles and vending machines placed in offices, canteens, bars etc. On the other hand, Tesco targets the shopping community like housewives and adults. They have an access to self-earned money and make buying decisions themselves. 4.2.3 Product Distinction Product distinction is all about creating a differentiating factor that make the product stand out of crowd. Tesco has differentiated itself by price slashing phenomenon. It offers amazing discounts and gives away bundle offers. Moreover, availability of almost every item that a consumer wants is ensured which makes it a one shop stop for everybody. Coca Colas greatest differentiating factor is its bottle shape and its unique taste. The shape of the bottle communicates glamour and quality and the taste has a sense of refinement in it. Section B Operations Management Framework As described by Render, (2001), operations management is a process concerned with efficient and effective production of goods and services while meeting customer preferences. 5.1 Process Planning and Design Process designing involves understanding the two ends that is where to start and where to finish keeping in view the various requirements and limitations during the method performed. Process planning and design refers to the fact of transformation the process that can deliver factors like low cost, high quality, enhanced functionality and speed etc. to the production process of goods or services. Coca Cola has production in many countries and is responsible of producing highly standardized products in large volumes. Coca Cola has become a commodity and a necessity to the consumers. The production usually runs 24 hours a day and seven days a week. This all has been achieved through planning and designing the process of production. Tesco, on the other hand, follows a lesser mechanized channel of approach. It doesnt have to go through the tedious production process but it does package goods to be placed in the stores. Planning and design is an on-going process so Tesco has been continuously planning to spread its fixed cost over the volume. It offers a generalized flow shop operation (See Appendix) which allows the customers an ease of access to all the sections without crowding out and creating bottle necks. 5.2 Process Mapping Business process mapping comprises of the activities that define a road map about what the business actually does, the standard and where does the responsibility chain go to. Coca Cola has adopted this concept of creating value chain and establishing the links in the value chain that where the value needs to be added continuously. Meaningful flow charts, work flow diagrams and value stream maps have been designed in order to pre map any latent ambiguities or confusions regarding the processes. Its production process has been made more efficient and it has found and fixed the holdups in the process through this. Tesco Management uses process mapping to revise existing services and add more services into its operations. However, due to a different nature of business, it uses process mapping less frequently. 5.3 Layout Planning The goal of layout planning is to allow workers, equipment (and where applicable, customers) to operate at peak effectiveness, efficiency and involves determining the most feasible locations of the facilities in order to increase efficiency and minimize cost of operations. Layout planning is a very integral and commonly practiced phenomenon in both the organizations. Layout planning involve the best locations where a product can be displayed and where it would gain the most consumer attention. Tesco, being a retail store, exhibits various layouts for customers to get attracted. The products offered are well placed and ordered in symmetry. Special offers are positioned usually at the entrance of the mart and at the eye level of aisle. Tesco evaluates the brand presence by demand and positive traits to place it on the shelves as a convenience factor. Like new promotions are advertised within the store through print media and are placed within the reach of common customer. Coca Cola keenly places it products according to the store size. In small retail outlets, it focuses on brand visibility as well as product availability. Merchandise and coolers are placed in such a way that they are the first thing to be noticed by the customer who enters the store. Whereas in large retail chains, a proper section is allotted for the Coca Cola merchandise. The aisle is decorated with Coca Cola print advertisements and best-selling and new products are placed at eye level of the consumer to create brand recognition. 5.4 Supply Chain Management As mentioned by Blanchard, (2007), supply chain management is an on-going process which aims to harmonize the movement, storage, usage and the whole value chain which include the process from purchasing to shelving. Tesco has adopted the principles of supply chain management and has reduced its costs by around 45%. As a result, it has been able to lower its inventory as well (Tesco, 2010). As it deals in consumer electronics and basic commodities with standard benefits like food, home supplies, standard clothing etc. its main function here is cost reduction aligned with customer satisfaction. With the fashion goods, timeline is focussed more due to rapidly changing trends. Tesco deals with both the domestic customers as well as to business customers i.e. B2C and B2B respectively. So, it has aligned itself well to cater to both the markets (Brock, 2010). By implementing supply chain management concept, Coca Cola has reduced its inventory costs and production functionality. This has also enabled the company to ensure a rapid delivery of their products to the outlets and eventually the consumers. One more aspect that urges Coca Cola to constantly improve its supply chain system is its belonging to the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. 5.5 Schedule Management Schedule management is all about ensuring that the right tasks are conducted at the right time and on the right items. Following are some of the factors that the companies keep in their minds while managing operations. 5.5.1 Demand Forecast Coca Cola schedules itself by performing a demand forecast to support the whole operations management process. It plans its capacity beforehand to ensure a steady flow for the future sales. For example, Coca Cola foresees its sales to go up in summers or social events so it schedules the production of products in such a way that it caters to the increased demand of the consumers. Similarly, Tesco follows the demand forecasting techniques to stay profitable and be able to respond to demand during the times of social events and festivals. For example, customers would want costumes and pumpkins during Halloween and Christmas trees during Christmas. 5.5.2 Master Scheduling Key players in master scheduling are sales and operations. Coca Cola has disaggregated its workflow into different major chunks. Through this a synergy is created which has a greater and better effect on the overall production process. This means that production process is divided into various segments and a sum of all would result into a whole. Coca-Cola alters the master schedule and as a result, inventories, lead times and capacity requirements are altered in favour. Tesco, on the other hand, manages the inventories and supply lines in accordance to the commodity requirement. For example, perishable goods like frozen food are kept till the mentioned expiry period. To make sure nothing goes wasted, appropriate quantities are taken and under storage capacity. 5.6 Lean Management Lean management, according to Plenert, (2007), refers to the process of elimination of costs as well as wastes during production process. Coca Cola is one of the leaders in waste management system. It has laid a three factor phenomenon i.e. reduce, reuse and recycle the packaging. It has introduced a new bottle design which is 20% lighter and it has slashed carbon emissions by 2,200 tonnes (Coca-Cola, 2010). The company has established recycle zones at certain places to encourage recycling of waste. The glass bottles currently contain about 37% recycled glass, while half of the aluminium used in the cans is recycled. Using the metal in this way saves 95 per cent of the energy needed to manufacture it from its raw form. Hence, new ways have helped slicing costs attached. Tesco practices employee empowerment. It has a team of multi-cultural individuals working under one roof. They have been delegated certain authorities that help benefit both themselves and the customers. Theyve been able to specify value in terms of competitive pricing. Moreover, it has cut costs by training the staff thus reducing the mishandling and waste of perishable goods and delicate items. It pursues perfection by creating customer pull value through value stream. 5.7 Inventory Management System An intelligent inventory management system is what almost every organization needs today. Tesco was one of the first ones to adopt the RFID system in practice. What purpose does it serve is that conventional bar codes are replaced with computer chips or smart tags. And this makes use of wireless technology to track inventory. It goes through two stages i.e. firstly; the suppliers tag the inventory and send it to the respective outlets. To make sure it reaches at the right outlet, they are monitored wirelessly. Secondly, the already reached inventory is unpacked and further allotted with a different RFID and sent to shelves. One of the key benefits it offers is that it prevents from shoplifting. However, Coca Cola practices a bit simpler inventory management system. It gathers the required raw materials like concentrate etc. from various defines sources according to the requirements and stores them for operations. Particular raw material is selected and sent to the work in process. Thus facilitating the entire production process. Critical Analysis on Differences between Organizations Although both the companies have customer focused in their minds, the main difference between both Tesco and Coca Cola is their nature of production. Coca Cola serves in the manufacturing sector and produced high quality goods for consumption whereas, Tesco functions in the service sector and is involved in the production of services. It also acts as a middle man for various deals. Coca cola is a soft drink beverages retail business that serves both the markets i.e. business to consumer and business to business customers. It offers its services to small scale as well as large scale retail outlets in the form of packaged beverage. And for the business community, it has contracts with various businesses like McDonalds and Burger king etc. and provides them with vending machines. It has paced itself well in the industry and always meets the consumer needs. The operation implications of Coca Cola involve a high tech beverage factory that produces high quality beverages and works 24 hours a day and seven days a week. A steady supply of raw materials is managed at a pace harmonious to the production process. A proper storage and inventory control system is also maintained in order to aid the supply chain aspects and then the supply of beverages to the end user is ensured at any cost. Tesco, on the other hand, is in a supermarket business. It focuses more on its outlets and the services it provide to the customers. Moreover, a key fact not to be neglected is its online store named as Tesco Direct. As the name suggests, the delivery is made direct to the defined place. All the bargains that Tesco offers are available online on Tesco Direct. This facilitates the consumer even before visiting the store hence adding value. Apart from dealing in the consumer goods, Tesco is also a key player in various other fields. It operates in Garden centers, for financial services it runs its own bank namely Tesco bank. In addition to that, it has its own brand of electronics products known as Technika. Other services offered include its presence in the telecom and energy sector as well. Section C Evaluation of Mix Today, conducting operations in an environment in which if one doesnt evolve from primitive ways, it will go obsolete. Constant innovation in operations framework and selecting a customer focused approach is very important. The operations at Coca Cola Corporation are in collaboration with their long and short term goals. Through their staunch strategies and their rigorous implementation, Coca Cola has been able to improve itself in terms of financial growth as well as the market share. A better logistics system has helped it reach out to his customers at a rapid pace. And with the implementation of a better and more advanced production plant, it has benefited its own growth by increasing the production capacity and access to multiple productions at a time. The quality standards are maintained according to the world accredited criterions like ISO and environment friendly standards. They have shifted to using CFC free machinery in their chillers and coolers which are much healthier. With adoption of supply chain management system, the company has enabled a systematic approach to operations. The management of supply chain and operations has helped the company to provide the customers with the required satisfaction level they wanted. Coca Cola is one of the leaders in waste management system. It has laid a three factor phenomenon i.e. reduce, reuse and recycle the packaging. It has introduced a new bottle design which is 20% lighter and it has slashed carbon emissions by 2,200 tonnes (Coca-Cola, 2010). Tesco also has a smart inventory control and management system. From collection of goods till their sale, everything is scrutinized and put under check to ensure free flow through proper channel. This has facilitated them to manage and forecast the demand of goods that are demanded more and the ones that are demanded lesser often. Coca Cola provides an excellent customer services programme by introducing new drinks according to the taste of the customers and by doing this they are very successful in maintaining the existing customers loyalty and catching new customers. Coke also introduces a coke reward programme. My Coke Rewards is customer loyalty marketing campaign for the Coca-Cola soft drink. Customers enter codes found on specially marked packages of Coca-Cola products on a website. Codes can also be entered on the go by texting them from a cell phone. These codes are converted into virtual points which can in turn be redeemed by members for various prizes. On the other hand Tescos Club card loyalty scheme is designed not only to reward members based on their spend, but also to enable Tesco to better understand and meet the needs and preferences of its customers by recording and analysing their buying behaviour. In each Club card mailing, Tesco uses the information gained from its loyalty scheme to provide customers with offers that are as appropriate to them as possible. In fact, as a member, when you receive your Club card vouchers, youll also receive one of over 80,000 different combinations of other special offers and vouchers, allocated to you based on your previous purchases and shopping habits. So instead of having to throw half of the extra vouchers away, you should be able to save money by using them all! Tesco was one of the first ones to adopt the RFID system in practice. What purpose does it serve is that conventional bar codes are replaced with computer chips or smart tags. And this makes use of wireless technology to track inventory. However, Coca Cola practices a bit simpler inventory management system. It gathers the required raw materials like concentrate etc. from various defines sources according to the requirements and stores them for operations. Particular raw material is selected and sent to the work in process. By implementing supply chain management concept, Coca Cola has reduced its inventory costs and production functionality. This has also enabled the company to ensure a rapid delivery of their products to the outlets and eventually the consumers. One more aspect that urges Coca Cola to constantly improve its supply chain system is its belonging to the fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. The lean procedures have devised employee empowerment and led both Tesco and Coca Cola to reduce as well as manage its wastes and eventually the costs attached to it. Coca Cola has deployed large waste bins in the cities to encourage recycling and practices reusing and recycling waste too. Tesco is also very focused to employee empowerment and gives away incentives to the ones who show performance. Additionally, value is not something that is just attached to price, quality or service but it is related to the experience as well. Layout planning plays a keen part in fulfilling this need of the customer. This satisfaction is achieved when the perceived value goes proportional to the quality provided. Hence, the value is added at every step of production of goods or services. Process automation in the manufacturing of Coca Cola products and in-store mechanization of Tesco has reduced the costs a great deal and has added worth to the companies. The strategies and techniques for production of goods and services are constantly adding value to the means of production as well as to the customer norms which is creating a bond between organizations and the customers. By tracking performance on a regular basis, both the companies can identify areas that are performing well, as well as those that need to be improved and worldwide aims not just to retain customers. They a bigger share of each customers wallet the amount of money the customer has to spend on their products.

F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby was a very compelling and well-written novel. This book has a very intriguing plot, from the mysterious Jay Gatsby to the gruesome murder at the climatic ending. There is a multitude of deep characters you will run into through out this novel like Nick Carraway and his presumed love Miss Jordan Baker, along with Gatsby's lost love Daisy Buchanan. Then there is Gatsby's house, one of the mysteries of the story, with all of it's illustrious parties. Finally it will tell you a little about the human nature. The story begins with the book being told as the memory of one Nick Carraway and his encounters with Jay Gatsby (aka James Gatz). Gatsby is a enigmatic character that no one really knows much about who holds immense get togethers at his home for hundred of guests at a time until he runs into his lost love, who sense has been married, who's husband dispenses false information to a man named George Wilson who intern kills Mr. Gatsby. The ending of this novel is kind of sorrowful in a touching way. This is due to the in depth creation of characters the author portrayed. The most in depth character of all is Mr. Jay Gatsby in this novel. He is left a very obscure individual and much is not known about him until he reveals it to Nick. One thing Tom Buchanan finds out about Gatsby is the he is a swindler and that is how he has amassed his fortune. The main character is Nick Carraway a man who objectively stays the same through out the whole book, keeping his friendship with Gatsby to the very end. This book wouldn't be the same if not for the Giant house that Gatsby lived in. Most of the novel takes place at Mr. Gatsby's grand mansion in East Egg, New York. This mansion just adds to the mystery about Gatsby and were he got all of his money from. This huge home was perfect for holding giant parties every weekend for hundreds of guests, and soon became the "in" place to go.

Judy Baca’s Art for Peace Essay

Making connections: Judy Baca’s Art for Peace. Change: According to Baca, â€Å"Adversity breeds a certain kind of strength† Do you agree? Give an example to support your opinion. Is it really true that what does not kill you makes you stronger? I do believe so. Maybe when people face a problem it does not makes too much sense in the near future, however it will do. The story that Baca’s grandmother told her when she was a girl is an example of how sometimes people is not able to overcome problems, nevertheless this does not implies that this happens all the time. It is common to appreciate how people become pessimist and often depressive when adversity meet their lives. According to Seery (2011) â€Å"†¦ some theory and empirical evidence suggest that the experience of facing difficulties can also promote benefits in the form of greater propensity for resilience when dealing with subsequent stressful situations. † (p. 90) Mark Seery carried a study in which followed 2,398 subjects for a span of three years, he found that there is a balance of adverse life experiences: some adversity seems to make us stronger than those with a life of either no adverse life experiences or many serious struggles. The study concluded that those people who had experienced a lot of adversity had poorer outcomes, on average, than people who reporte d no history of adversity – they were more depressed and anxious, were less satisfied with their lives, and were more likely to have physical or emotional problems that interfered with their ability to work and socialize. Every day, all the time we meet or we know stories of people who had to endure physical abuse, who was exposed to homelessness, or those who had faced natural disaster of physical limitations. A well-known story is the Nick VuJicic’s story. He was born and raised in Melbourne, Australia. He was born without limbs. By the age of eight he was already depressed and by the age often he decided to end his life by drowning himself in a bathtub. After a couple attempts, he realized that he did not want to leave his loved ones with the burden and guilt that would result from his suicide. He had spoken on motivational topics after creating the company, attitude is altitude. He also launched a non-profit ministry, life without limbs, to spread his messages of faith and hope around the world. Finally, seems like Nietzche was right, what does not kill you makes you stronger. No matter what type of difficulties a erson could have face, always we have the chance of learning of them and breed strength.

Prisoners of the Past essays

Prisoners of the Past essays Taken from their homelands without any warning, humility forced upon them as the wealthy tribe members were made servants, servants who were treated with less respect than that of a herd of cattle. Overtaken by the white man, who, for selfish reasons, took another race of humanity to call and possess as their own. Having to witness their loved ones being killed, punished severely, or beaten, being powerless to stop their pain. These were all surreal experiences that, unfortunately, many were forced to endure as slaves. Such a cruel, inhumane period of drudgery that is known as slavery was a poignant mark in history, which brought upon a concept that is still plagues society today. ...I was broken in body, soul and spirit (Douglass, pg.105). In mostly all accounts of slavery, the same objective was beheld by all slave owners: to break your slave, to have absolute power over his her mind, body and soul. In Frederick Douglasss account, he was mostly a city slave, whose owners literally believed that for a slave, or nigger as it was so crudely put back then, ignorance was bliss, and so it was. Had a slave known what was going on in the world, had they been able to read about certain rights that they did in fact hold legally, had they been able to have the knowledge held by a human being, there is no way life could have continued the way it did. Whites knew that education was in fact a slaves key to freedom, for with an education the slaves could outsmart their owners and prove that they were just as, if not more human than their owners were themselves. Another similarity that remained the same in the accounts was that once the person was taken into slavery, the y lost their identity. As a slave, they would receive new names, and be forced to forget all that they knew about their past. Memories of what had once been became only a blur of imagination. Out of all the accounts, the main differ...

COmments and Answer Example

COmments and Answer Example COmments and Answer – Essay Example Comments With the increase of devices such as smart phones and tablets, people are inevitably going to feel more comfortable to participate in auctions or give to charity through using these devices. Of course, there will still be a certain percentage of people who prefer to buy goods or donate in person, but these types of people are becoming rarer. By allowing online interaction, the chances of making a sale or receiving funds increases significantly because a wider group of the population can be reached. The onus is on business owners and marketers to take advantage of this new form of spending and donating by developing an online presence. 2. When it comes to Internet shopping, convenience is number one. Online vendors want to make it as easy as possible for you to part with your money, so they will offer incentives to try and get you to do so. By selling the merchandise to a consumer by not releasing the title until the outstanding balance is paid off, the power of the contract remains with the vendor. This is clever on the part of Internet marketers because they receive money from customers who do not actually own the product. From the customer’s point of view, it allows virtually anyone to be able to make purchase online because funds upfront are not required. 3. The rise of the Internet in the 1990s resulted in a trade boom due to the ease at which to conduct international business. Where once it took quite some time to build up a list of suppliers, the Internet provides a platform that matchers buyers and suppliers alike. The one downside to this is that there is little regulation and contracts can be difficult to enforce. 4. I have never had the experience of a manufacturer not making good on a product warranty. I did, however, have a good experience with a warranty when my new Xbox 360 was constantly overheating. As it was virtually brand new, I was able to get it covered under the terms of the warranty. As far as I can remember it was an express warranty because a small leaflet was included in the box when I bought it. 5. While the company was only fulfilling its warranty agreement when sending you out the first wheel, it did not necessarily have to send out another one. That the company would do this shows that it has a strong customer focus and would stop at nothing to make its valued customers feel happy. 6. Electronic manufacturers tend to be pretty happy to replace whole products or defective parts if they aren’t working. The reason perhaps for this is because electronic goods have to be continually replaced to keep up with the change in technology. These companies realize that by keeping you happen, you are more likely to buy the updated version of that product when it is released. While these companies may appear to be nice, they are doing so for their own future benefit.

Researching the Background Literature for Any Project

Researching the Background Literature for Any Project Background research refers to the process that a writer uses to gain knowledge about a topic she does not know about, or much about. In our digital world, all writers, whether they are students or professionals, have or can gain access to previously published and unpublished information about just about anything. The role of the science writer is to sort through the noise and summarize information for people who dont have that luxury, but practicing that technique can be helpful to anyone planning a future in a scientific discipline. Background research is the first step of all good scientific studies, including archaeological investigations, used as an example here. There are three main sources of information available to people who are writing research papers today: internet sources, brick and mortar libraries and museums, and people. Wikipedia, Science Blogs and News Reports These days, Wikipedia is a reasonable starting place for general background information, but there are other starting points that you may find more useful and reliable, such as science blogs and news reports. Be cautious and find out enough information about the news outlet or blog writer so that you can be confident of that reliability- is the blog writers biography available and is that person qualified; do they cite scholarly references in their articles; is the tone of their blog sensible and balanced. And wherever you start, dont stop there. The problem with those types of resources, is they are not peer-reviewed. The peer-review process requires that before a scientific paper is published, it is reviewed by one or more experts for its validity. The process has its faults: but science changes very slowly, and what a researcher believes in her heart today may be disproven tomorrow. What scientists get published in peer-reviewed articles are far more conservative, by and large, than what they say to a news reporter, in their classes, or in their own blogs. To create a balanced research report of your own, you need both types of information: What do the partisans believe about the findings right now, and what do other sources say about it. Finding Peer-Reviewed Literature How do you gain access to peer-reviewed literature? A lot of academic papers are locked up by the publishers with exorbitant prices for downloading a single article- US$25-40 is common. If you are a college student, you should have access to the electronic resources in the university library, which will include free access to that catalog. If you are a high school student or independent scholar, you may still be able to have use of the library; go talk to the library administration and ask them what is available for you. Once youve logged on to the university library, where do you try out your topic keywords? Of course, you can try the university catalog: but sometimes a less-structured approach works better. While Google Scholar is excellent, it returns results from a wide variety of disciplines. So, for example, if you are researching the term seasonality in Google Scholar, you find information about the stock market and tourism and atmospheric circulations. You can add additional keywords to narrow down your search such as domestication or archaeology, but you can also turn to specialized article databases in your subject area. On the Internet: Specialized Article Databases Specialized article databases are typically assembled by people who are experts in those fields and part of discipline-based societies. For archaeologists, some good anthropology-based databases include Anthropology Plus, AnthroSource, and the Annual Review of Anthropology, which has assembled bibliographic essays on discipline-specific topics. Other fields have the same sorts of databases, just search for article databases and add a keyword for your field of endeavor. The Annual Reviews collection has a treasure-trove of peer-reviewed syntheses of topics in all scientific disciplines, from Analytical Chemistry to Vision Science. There are many others that you may have access to at the university library, or available via your laptop for a yearly or monthly subscription. JSTOR is a subscription-based repository for hundreds of back-catalog journals; Lexis-Nexis has been a tool for news reporters seeking information on individuals for over 30 years; and there are many publisher-specific sources such as Elseviers Science Direct, Wileys Science Solutions, and Taylor Francis Online. Brick and Mortar: Society Museums and Libraries Another great source for information for background research is topic-specific libraries and museums. Chances are the local university has a Chemistry or Geography library; you may also find public science venues, such as local historical or genealogical societies. These libraries have selected the most important research books and journals in that field, and you might also find books and memoirs of local residents involved in the studies that dont make it into the top searches of Google. Best of all, you may well find a librarian with a voluminous memory. Sadly, many of the public societies are shutting their facilities because of budget cuts- so if you still have one, be sure to visit this fast-disappearing resource. State Offices Many states and provinces have governmental offices where information concerning local aspects of scientific research are stored. State level offices include Natural Resources, History, Archaeology, and Environmental offices. All of these include information that is available to professionals for assistance with their research and might be available to you even if you are not a professional. For example, if you are a working archaeologist in a particular state, you can almost certainly obtain access to the records, articles, reports, artifact collections, and maps kept at the State Archaeologist office; but these are not always open to the general public. It wont hurt to ask, and many of the records will be open to students. The University of Iowa maintains a list of National Association of State Archaeologist Offices. People: Oral History Interviews One often overlooked area of background research is the oral history interview. Find people who know about your topic and go talk to them. By all means, do your background research on the subject before you reach out to your potential contacts. Dont expect them to simply tell you all you need to know about a particular subject: come with some knowledge about the subject and be ready with some pertinent questions. To find people, use your local university again, and see if there is someone in the anthropology (or other) department who knows about or has studied your topic. Reach out to the librarian at the topic library and see if they know of a friendly resource you might chat with. For an archaeological research paper, amateur archaeologists and historians may be excellent sources of information, as might retired archaeologists who have conducted work on a site. Members of the general public who live in the area and long-time museum directors may recall when investigations took place. If you dont have access to the university, use Google Scholar to identify recent research, and then using email, approach the authors for insight.   Who knows? An interview might be the capstone making your research paper the best it can be.

English 12 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English 12 - Essay Example experiment, average college students were gathered and placed into a prison environment, where they were quick to take on the roles of guards and prisoners. They acted in the ways that they thought they should have; they understood the situation so much that their personalities were taken over to accompany the situation. In my opinion, I agree with the thoughts of Zimbardo and Buchanan in regards to the fact that people are pitted against the natural forces of negative situations. There are many instances when a person is already familiar with the behaviors of a person or a role, so when they are put in similar situations, they react in a way that they are already aware of. As aforementioned, many people just act how they think they should; it is not so much the fear of judgment by others, but the fact that they should perform in a certain way, that there are expectations already set down for them. When people are put into a bad situation, they act as they see fit. Their behavior changes to help them get through whatever the situation is; oddly enough, it seems that most people resort to negative behaviors and actions than positive ones. An adrenaline rush from the situation may bring on the negative reactions, or perhaps people just feel a certain strength from being tough in a situation, even if it is negative. If the situation they are can be considered bad or evil, the person may act accordingly. In a bad situation, how else should a person act? In accordance to the situation itself. I also believe that conformity plays a large role in how people act in situations that can be deemed bad or negative. In some cases, people follow the behaviors of others that are in the same situation. Zimbardos prison experiment is an example of this - while some of the "prison guards" might have remained true to their personalities and typical behaviors, they noticed that others were strongly taking on the role of real prison guards. These other subjects conformed to the

American literature of the Vietnam war is essentially colonial in form Essay

American literature of the Vietnam war is essentially colonial in form and focus. You may use examples from poetry, science fiction and other forms (such as mus - Essay Example rsonal aims declared a few months after his election for President: â€Å"I do not want to be the President who built empires, or sought grandeur, or extended dominion. I want to be the President who educated young children to the wonders of the world. I want to be the President who helped to feed the hungry †¦ the poor to find their own way†¦ who helped to end hatred among his fellowmen and who prompted love among the people of all races and all religions and all parties. I want to be the President who helped to end war among the brothers of this earth† (â€Å"An Outline of American History†, United States Information Agency, 87-203 (165), p.173, 174). As to many writers who have been writing about the American war in Vietnam, it seems to me President Johnson’s words have nothing in common with reality. It is not up to me to criticize US politics; however, it is the politics that is responsible for the writings of these writers, in both positive and ne gative terms, since many of the writers have actually fought in this war. And their works seem to be colonial in form and focus? If I had fought the Vietnamese War and wrote my poetry in the trenches, would my poetry have been colonial in form and focus? One thing is certain, though: I would have put all my prayers in my poetry, and aren’t prayers among the many things that characterize the American colonial period literature? Speaking of prayers, we must highlight the influence of Puritanism on literature. Although American literature begins with the Native Americans’ oral narratives, myths, legends, songs, during the colonial period it is strongly influenced by the Puritans, considered the most educated and religious people who worshipped God and praised Him and Christian religion in their writings. Puritans wrote mainly of the spiritual dangers of the soul in the form of complex metaphysical poetry, religious history, lyrics, sermons, theological tracts, etc., but always about the constant battle between

Family - its Changes and Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family - its Changes and Values - Essay Example A person may embrace another person’s difference, while some might totally turn their backs from their families or their families might turn away from them because of dissimilarities. Discussion Individuals have their own identities. No two persons have exactly the same life or desires. Even twins do have their differences, which can result in arguments. Yet these differences should not prevent a family from being a unity. As Goodman put it into context, â€Å"We don’t have to achieve to be accepted by our families. We just have to be. Our membership is not based on credentials on birth (4)†. Regardless of how much changes a person may have in a lifetime, he or she should be accepted by the family where he or she belongs. People or society may not agree as to what the person may become, yet the family should be there when a person needs them. Even the meanest person in this world is still loved by his or her family even if he or she resents them. According to Sen na, â€Å"In death we are each reduced to our essence: the spirit we are when we are born. The trappings we hold on to our whole lives – our race, our money, our sex, our age, and our politics – become irrelevant† (19). A person may have the most luxurious life in the physical world, yet he or she may be the poorest in spirit. Worldly possessions are immaterial to a person in his or her dying days. In the end, no person is spared from death. Though what the person has accomplished in life would often be just a memory forgotten in time, it is not valid as regards his or her family that has always loved this person unconditionally. One may change for the worst, yet there are still people who give love and understanding to this individual even when he or she pretends not to need them. It is a sad reality that people often turn their back away from their families when they have achieved their goals, found happiness and contentment in other beliefs, or when greed and envy have eaten them up from inside. Despite these changes, a mother and a father will always have a space in their hearts for their children who had the courage to stand up on their own and live the lives that they want. It is painful for parents when they see their children go astray. The pain that they feel is not brought about by disappoinment or hate. This feeling of pain is brought about by the affection and love that parents have for their children. No parent would want to see their children suffer or get hurt, and this is a valid statement not only as regards the parents-children relationship but also as regards grandparents-grandchildren or uncles/aunts-nephews/nieces relationships. However, as Senna states, â€Å"†¦the differences between us were real and alive, and they threatened to squelch our fragile connection† (16). The first step in accepting one’s differences, especially in a family, is to acknowledge the difference and make amends. It may not b e an easy thing to make amends with people with whom one has differences, especially when it comes to the delicate topics like religious and political beliefs. One may be discriminated by the society due to his or her differences. However, the most painful circumstances would be when a person is being alienated by his or her own family. This is not to blame the families for the shortcomings or the outrageous actions of an individual. It is just an attempt to trace why such events occurred. A part of accepting the difference is to know where and how it started within

Compare four different authors about education Essay

Compare four different authors about education - Essay Example The disparity underscored here is the quality of education and the assistance the teachers and/or the managers of the schools offer students to make them ready to face life. The major failure of the management in the public schools is that teachers’ jobs are protected by the government such that no any teacher may be fired for underperformance, like it happens in the charter schools. The result is breeding of bad teachers in the public schools that makes students flee from these schools to charter schools. Worse still, the parents fight for their students to become enrolled in charter schools than in public schools. Ravitch proposes moderated sacking of bad teachers (the underperforming teachers) in the public schools and replacing them with good teachers in this context. Sharing the same view as Ravitch’s, Stanley Fish in â€Å"The Value of Higher Education Made Literal† critiques the modern education systems observed in various government. Fish taps into the fa ilures of the British government by commoditizing education such that the higher one bargains for the better the remuneration thereafter. Fish’s argument is that the government and the learned education moderators have collectively rewarded education with money such that currently there are different prices for different courses. Fish argues that the more costly the course one undertakes, the higher the reward – monetary pay. He says that it is not possible, today, as it were in the past, to take chances by following one’s dream profession – the nature does not provide such choices any more as it is now the ‘survival for the fittest’ mentality in action. The tougher and the more marketable course one undertakes the brighter the future, of course in terms of salary to be earned. The motivation of the students in the institutions of higher learning has thus shifted from ‘learning to become accomplished’ to ‘learning to earn h igher salaries in the future’. This will easily lead to washing away of courses that are not marketable while the marketable ones gains in this sense. Therefore, arts are more likely to lose value while sciences become high priced – the courses value is now money value attached to them. At the same time, as the students’ parents adapt to the new system and buy various courses according to their financial strength, the students do not have choice but take what is offered in the bargain. Instead of following their genuine aspirations, they adapt to the costly courses that will guarantee better returns in the future. Therefore, education is literally being sold (Midwinter 42) and the highest bidder takes it all. While the Fish believes that students are currently learning what is dictated by nature inevitably against their own will, Rebekah Nathan, in â€Å"My Year as a Freshman† underscores that the discipline in classroom has changed a big deal. Perhaps th e power to purchase a particular course or discipline changes everything. But Nathan, a professor at a university gets disturbed so much by the thought that students today lack in discipline and are difficult to teach. Nathan decides to go back to enroll as a student in a university, while hiding her real identity, to experience what students of today face. She previously coined that the students in today’s academic institutions are difficult to teach – they are volatile and rebellious –

Choose from the attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Choose from the attachment - Essay Example A case in point is the Japanese philosophy of life; the Japanese history was mainly impacted by religion including Shinto, which is the primary religion of Japan, Buddhism from India and Confucianism the Chinese way of life. A significant number of modifications and transformations have been experienced in the world and to the manner in which individuals live and labor. It has established new opportunities and developed new impacts on the universe. Globalization is a great upsurge of transformation that has influenced the universe. The influences have been increasing over the world, particularly to the non-western region where the excessive transformations had occurred at least twice amid westernization and upgrading. Impacts of globalization rapidity are because of the fast advancements on technology, information, as well as on finances. This paper has main objectives of demonstrating the criticism of globalization and its impacts on the local diversity. Impacts of Globalization on Local Diversity Currently, people live in a world in which media; regulation, companies, markets, and research in sciences are global, cosmopolitan, as well as multiethnic. A significant number of individuals are becoming apprehensive of this present world order, fearing that it is being developed on the victories of one or another person, or culture or status. Certainly, the procedure of globalization interrupts delicate nations and interrupts customary identities, however, globalization does not essentially imply uniformity. Undeniably, in some reverences globalization promotes and permits differences. For instance, nearly each city of any size in the entire world currently provides residences the choice of food inclusive of French, Italian, Chinese, and Thai among others. Multiculturalism is all over the universe in all sectors including education, finance, and computer production business among others. It is stated that even a number of world`s ethnic individuals have linked to an international relationship that shares information by technology. The conception of multiculturalism pursues ways in which such values could get on with indulgent and identify one another. In addition, globalization has also had an impact on local politics, where they are being reconfigured along lines of local diversity. The new pattern of globalization will continue to be in existence. Nevertheless, in order to achieve this, it is vital to attain a new dimension, a worldwide agreement to implement controls, payments, and assessments while allowing the unrestricted movement of business. Therefore, every country must embrace a system that has excellent information and international collaboration in order to guarantee security that will be able to avert an international financial slowdown, and be in a position to defeat violence. Thus, globalization in some cases has resulted into insecurity within the local setting thus interfering with the local diversity. Accordingly, global tr ading and the radical expansion of global markets have massively affected the economy of the world, particularly in the user growth in the whole world affecting the values, dialectal and communication, as well as the standard of living of people. The forces of globalization are becoming a big threat to cultural variances in society and customary ways of life. Globalization or the increase in the scope and size of human connection, collaboration, and interdependency is inevitable.

Fundamental of International Buisness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Fundamental of International Buisness - Essay Example rice. Iran exports millions of tons of wheat each year and its sugar exports annually exceeds 500,000 tons (the Iranaian). American businesses are banned from purchasing these products or selling U.S goods to Iran. If we were in the carpet importing business, there would be nothing to bar us from importing and selling Persian rugs from Iran. We are in the grain business, however, and U.S. law thereby prohibits us from conducting business with the country, which many know best for its militant takeover of the U.S. embassy in Tehran in 1979 and the subsequent taking of hostages. Many in the businesses community believe that the sanctions on trade with Iran not only hurt the Iranian people, they also cost American companies billions of dollars in lost revenues and jobs. The sanctions also expand the diplomatic divide between the US and many of its allies and hinder the ability for US businesses to participate in the world marketplace. Earlier this month, the Tehran Times published an article in which it announced that Irans Petropars Company has developed an offshore oilfield in the Caspian Sea and is in negotiation with a Turkish company as a contractor. That company will likely see profits in the billions of dollars as a result of this joint venture. Aside from the business aspect of renewing trade with Iran, there is also the humanitarian aspect. Many experts say sanctions hurt those very parts of the population which they are designed to protect. â€Å"A distinction between the Iranian people and the Iranian regime is long overdue. Aiming at sabotaging the Iranian economy will in the end only hurt the Iranian people who are not accessories to the deeds of their undemocratic regime. Similar economic sanctions have failed elsewhere. For example, seven years of rigorous sanctions against Iraq has unfortunately not caused a change in government, only immense suffering on the people," an editorial in the Iranian reads. Following the 1979 embassy takeover, the

Compare four different authors about education Essay

Compare four different authors about education - Essay Example The disparity underscored here is the quality of education and the assistance the teachers and/or the managers of the schools offer students to make them ready to face life. The major failure of the management in the public schools is that teachers’ jobs are protected by the government such that no any teacher may be fired for underperformance, like it happens in the charter schools. The result is breeding of bad teachers in the public schools that makes students flee from these schools to charter schools. Worse still, the parents fight for their students to become enrolled in charter schools than in public schools. Ravitch proposes moderated sacking of bad teachers (the underperforming teachers) in the public schools and replacing them with good teachers in this context. Sharing the same view as Ravitch’s, Stanley Fish in â€Å"The Value of Higher Education Made Literal† critiques the modern education systems observed in various government. Fish taps into the fa ilures of the British government by commoditizing education such that the higher one bargains for the better the remuneration thereafter. Fish’s argument is that the government and the learned education moderators have collectively rewarded education with money such that currently there are different prices for different courses. Fish argues that the more costly the course one undertakes, the higher the reward – monetary pay. He says that it is not possible, today, as it were in the past, to take chances by following one’s dream profession – the nature does not provide such choices any more as it is now the ‘survival for the fittest’ mentality in action. The tougher and the more marketable course one undertakes the brighter the future, of course in terms of salary to be earned. The motivation of the students in the institutions of higher learning has thus shifted from ‘learning to become accomplished’ to ‘learning to earn h igher salaries in the future’. This will easily lead to washing away of courses that are not marketable while the marketable ones gains in this sense. Therefore, arts are more likely to lose value while sciences become high priced – the courses value is now money value attached to them. At the same time, as the students’ parents adapt to the new system and buy various courses according to their financial strength, the students do not have choice but take what is offered in the bargain. Instead of following their genuine aspirations, they adapt to the costly courses that will guarantee better returns in the future. Therefore, education is literally being sold (Midwinter 42) and the highest bidder takes it all. While the Fish believes that students are currently learning what is dictated by nature inevitably against their own will, Rebekah Nathan, in â€Å"My Year as a Freshman† underscores that the discipline in classroom has changed a big deal. Perhaps th e power to purchase a particular course or discipline changes everything. But Nathan, a professor at a university gets disturbed so much by the thought that students today lack in discipline and are difficult to teach. Nathan decides to go back to enroll as a student in a university, while hiding her real identity, to experience what students of today face. She previously coined that the students in today’s academic institutions are difficult to teach – they are volatile and rebellious –

Fundamental of International Buisness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Fundamental of International Buisness - Essay Example rice. Iran exports millions of tons of wheat each year and its sugar exports annually exceeds 500,000 tons (the Iranaian). American businesses are banned from purchasing these products or selling U.S goods to Iran. If we were in the carpet importing business, there would be nothing to bar us from importing and selling Persian rugs from Iran. We are in the grain business, however, and U.S. law thereby prohibits us from conducting business with the country, which many know best for its militant takeover of the U.S. embassy in Tehran in 1979 and the subsequent taking of hostages. Many in the businesses community believe that the sanctions on trade with Iran not only hurt the Iranian people, they also cost American companies billions of dollars in lost revenues and jobs. The sanctions also expand the diplomatic divide between the US and many of its allies and hinder the ability for US businesses to participate in the world marketplace. Earlier this month, the Tehran Times published an article in which it announced that Irans Petropars Company has developed an offshore oilfield in the Caspian Sea and is in negotiation with a Turkish company as a contractor. That company will likely see profits in the billions of dollars as a result of this joint venture. Aside from the business aspect of renewing trade with Iran, there is also the humanitarian aspect. Many experts say sanctions hurt those very parts of the population which they are designed to protect. â€Å"A distinction between the Iranian people and the Iranian regime is long overdue. Aiming at sabotaging the Iranian economy will in the end only hurt the Iranian people who are not accessories to the deeds of their undemocratic regime. Similar economic sanctions have failed elsewhere. For example, seven years of rigorous sanctions against Iraq has unfortunately not caused a change in government, only immense suffering on the people," an editorial in the Iranian reads. Following the 1979 embassy takeover, the

The Secret Life of Bees Essay Example for Free

The Secret Life of Bees Essay The Secret Life of Bees Monk Kidd  «The Secret Life of Bees » is a historical novel by American author Sue Monk Kidd. It is a story of coming-of-age, of the ability of love to transform our lifes. Adressing the wounds of loss, betrayal and the scarcity of love, Kidd demonstratesthe power of women, coming together to heal those wounds, to mother each other and themselves, to create a new holy place – true family and home. The novel received much critical acclaim and was a New York Times bestseller. In 2005 it was adopted into a film by Ginn Prince-Bythewood. The Secret Life of Bees » is the story of Lily, a fourteen-year-old girl who runs away from her unloving father to search for secrets of her dead mother`s past. The setting of the novel is South Carolina in 1964, a time when racial tensions were inflamed by civil rights movement and white racists`frequently violent responses to it. Against this backdrop, Lily and her house-keeper, Rosalin, find shelter in the home of the eccentric Boatwright sisters, three African American beekeepers who worship before the statue of a Black Madonna they call  «Our Lady in Chains ». There Lily finds love and acceptance and begins to come n terms with the quilt she feels over her mother`s death. Lily has a special relationship with bees. At night, they squeeze through the cracks of her bedroom wall by the hundreds and fly circles around her room until the air itself pulsating with wings. They seem to indicate to Lily where is her right path. Every chapter opens with a short description of he life of bees which is always has a connection with the plot. In the climax of the story the sisters Boatright, the beekeepers, empart to Lily the sectets of the Black Madonna, mother to thousands. T. Ray Owens is the hateful, peach-farming antagonist of the novel, is feeling particularly meen towards Lily. He is a monstrous and abusive father. There is not apparent love in his heart for Lily whatsoever, and living with him only deepens the ubiquitous pain of her motherless existence. Deborah Owens`death is a source of great anguish and mystery for the confused adolescent, a memory from when she was four that she still can`t quite get her head around. Lily`s only true friend is Rosalin, a large black peach-worker who T. Ray brought to the house to care for Lily when her mother died.  «The Secret Life of Bees » is growing-up tale wrapped into a search for one`s mother, plunked down into the racially – charged South Carolina during the Civil rights movement, set alight with feminine spirituality. It is an inspirational feminist tale with strong female characters. And while it has already proven its` mettle as a best-selling novel with universal appeal, it will particularly enchant the female reader.

Strategies to Solve Economic Issues

Strategies to Solve Economic Issues INTRODUCTION Microeconomics is a branch of economics that studies the behaviour of individual households and firms in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources and studies individual prices. It also analyses demand and supply of labour and analyses demand and supply of goods. Economics is a science that studies human behaviour as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. It also the study of how men use limited resources in order to satisfy their unlimited wants and how human beings make choices to use scarce resources to satisfy QUESTION 1 1. Three basic economics problem and how the how the different economic systems solve the economic problems. There are three basic economics problem. The first one is ‘what’ which mean what to do produce due to limited resources that have and what should the economy produce in order to satisfy consumer wants. For example, a company want to produce laptop or hand phone which both have their own function or use to consumer or user which refer that maximises consumer satisfaction then the economy is allocatively efficient. Second one is ‘how will’ which mean the quantities to produce due the demand from consumer or user and due to the population with resources that available because it one of an economy achieves productive efficiency if it produces goods using the least resources possible. For example, many consumer or user want buy hand phone than laptop, so the company should produce hand phone more due the demand from consumer or user. Lastly, ‘to whom’ which mean to distribution, depend on the distribution of income and depend on who want to pay or should the economy produce goods targeted towards those who have high incomes or those who have low incomes and what sort of demographic group should the goods in the economy that are produced be targeted toward. For example, consumer or users that are willing and be able to pay or buy the produce that they want. So, with if all three problems are addressed at any one time then the economy has achieved static efficiency. If the economy achieves static efficiency over a period of time then it is dynamically efficient. All these problems are focused around the problem of unlimited wants and limited resources which resources are the factors of production such as labour, capital, technology and land which are used to produce the products that satisfy the wants. There are also how the different economic systems solve the economic problems. Different societies have performed these economic functions, and sought to achieve technical and allocatively efficiency, in different ways. These ways can be classified as different economic systems. The first new economic system was Capitalism or the market system. However, early capitalism left many people in poverty, while competitive markets decayed into monopolies. In response, social reformers developed alternative economic systems. Fascism and Socialism attempted to fix capitalism with a dose of government participation. Communism simply sought to overthrow capitalism. It was a struggle between the invisible hand of free markets and the visible hand of the command (planned) economy. 2. Scarcity, choice and opportunity cost Scarcity refers to resources that are not enough meet all wants which it want always exceed limited resources to satisfy society. In other words, human beings have unlimited wants which there is never such a time that a human being is satisfied and not in need of anything. It also refer to the fundamental economic problem, and all economic activities revolve around trying to solve this problem and the other sides, a good which is usable but in abundant supply may not qualify to be called an economic good. For example, air and water are just ‘goods’ in the sense that they are readily available and cannot be deemed to be scarce. Then, another concept in economics is that know as choice. Choice comes about as a result of scarcity, and in a way, choice is informed by these circumstances. Since human wants are unlimited and resources limited, it emerges that one cannot be able to practically meet all their wants at any one time and because of this, it becomes inevitable for someone to choose between the many unlimited wants which one o satisfy at any given moment. Since you make a choice of doing something, or fulfilling a certain want, it turns out that at any one time, there is a certain want that you have to ignore, or forego, in order to fulfil another want. For example, you were deciding to grow carrot or potatoes which one of them will become the option to be foregone. After that, the option that has been foregone is usually called an opportunity cost. Opportunity cost refers to second best alternative that has to forgone for another choice which give more satisfaction. For example, if you decide to grow carrots, your opportunity cost is the alternative crop that might have been grown instead potatoes. 3. Four assumption in draw a production possibility curve (PPC) PPC is A graphical representation  of the alternative combinations  of the  amounts  of two  goods  or  services  that an  economy can  produce  by transferring  resources  from one good or  service  to the other which can helps in determining what  quantity  of a nonessential good or a service an economy can afford to produce without jeopardizing the  required  production  of an  essential good  or service. It also can be called as transformation curve. There are four assumption in draw a PPC : Produced only two goods only Fixed amount of resources Full employment Constant technology Example curve of PPC There are also factors that can influence the PPC curve to shift. The first one is changes in the resources or factor of production. The influences are divided to two shift which refers to, shifting to the right which means increasing in PPC and shifting to the left which means decreasing in PPC. For example is shown at below. Chicken Fish Assume: i. PPC1 and PPC2: Discovery of new resources in Chicken and Fish. ii. PPC3: Decreasing in resources. The second one is changes in the level of technology. For example is shown at below. Chicken PPC2 PPC1 Fish Assume: i. PPC1 and PPC2: Technology advancement in Fish only. The third one is changes in economic condition which economic growth or economic recession. The influences are divided to two shifts which refer to, shifting to the right which means increasing in PPC and shifting to the left which means decreasing in PPC. For example is shown at below. Chicken Fish Assume: i. PPC1 and PPC2: Economic growth in the country ii. PPC3: Economic recession in the country. Lastly, changes in the number of population. The influences are also divided to two shifts which refer to, shifting to the right which means increasing in PPC and shifting to the left which means decreasing in PPC. For example is shown at below. Chicken Fish Assume: i. PPC1 and PPC2: Increasing in the country population. ii. PPC3: Decreasing in the country population. 4.Three type of profit with diagrams and short run monopoly Monopoly is a type of market in which there is a seller and large number of buyers. It also refers to selling products that have no close substitution and have a high entry and exit barrier. There are example for this monopoly in Malaysia such as TNB and JBA. There also characteristics for monopoly. The first one is one seller and large number of buyer which monopoly exist when there is only firm exist which selling a product which has no close substitute. Next is no close substitution which monopoly firm would sell a product which has no close substitute. Then, restriction of entry of new firms which in monopoly market, there are strict barriers to the entry of new firm. Lastly, advertising in monopoly market depends on the types of product sold.

Alternative Fuel for Airplane Essay -- Energy, Sustainable Fuel

One of the most significant current discussions in sustainable aviation is alternative fuel for airplane, which is a serious argument; however, big question is that efforts to produce a more sustainable fuel to power aircraft are technically and ethically feasible. This paper going to investigate and show there is no alternative fuel to power aircraft in this time. The fuel using by airplane is fossil fuel, which is Jet A1 by burning this fuel there are impact on the global warming the researcher investigate what is the problem with fossil fuel (Jet A1). As solve the fuel problem there are several alternatives have tested, that some of them are biofuel, Liquid Hydrogen, Fracking for Natural Gas and scher-Tropsch (F-T) fuels from fossil feedstocks. However to fund out the alternative fuel is sustainable .firstly defined term sustainability. There are numerous definitions for the word sustainable. White (2001, p.1) states that sustainability seeks to provide the best outcomes for the human and natural environments both now and into the indefinite future. In addition, Thompson and Sorvig( 2009) in their recent research paper found probably the simplest, widely used definition of sustainability is meeting the needs of today's population with-out diminishing the ability of future populations to meet their needs. The other hand Fresco and Kroonenberg (1992) states that the sustainability of natural ecosystems defined as the dynamic balance between natural inputs and outputs, modified by external events such as climatic change and natural disasters. (Bell and Morse, 2008) the researcher from all research fund out that the sustainability related what is human put the nature has to be try to have balance ever aspect and impact to natu... ...ccessful in aviation industry such as biofuel, Liquid Hydrogen, Fracking for Natural Gas and scher-Tropsch (F-T) fuels from fossil feedstocks. All the fuel has been test and some of the, has been used for long time but the all of the have got impact on environment and social which make unsustainable fuel. At last with those fuels CO2 emissions is not increasing and LH2 approximately putting three times the amount of water in the atmosphere than burning kerosene-type aviation fuel, which is water washes out of the atmosphere a lot faster than carbon dioxide that stays up for years. Fracking presses the water containing the tracking chemicals left underground to fill the spaces in the fractured rocks and may eventually flow into the local ground-water system, making it unsafe for drinking. This research show there is no alternative fuel in this time and technology.

Hiroshima Essay -- essays research papers

The most significant theme in John Hersey’s book â€Å"Hiroshima† are the long- term effects of war, confusion about what happened, long term mental and physical scars, short term mental and physical scars, and people being killed. The confusing things after the A-bomb was dropped on Hiroshima where that the city had been wiped out, all means of communication where gone, all the roads and street signes where wiped out, destroyed or blocked by collapsed buildings â€Å"†¦saw through the darkness that all the houses in her neighbourhood had collapsed.†1 People not knowing what had happened as there had been no siting of a plane before the bomb was dropped, not being sure if a bomb or a fire had caused all the damage â€Å"The Americans are dropping gasoline. They’re going to set fire to us!†, and not knowing what the site effects of the bomb would be on the people and land such as acid rain â€Å"The drops grew abnormally large.†2 The long-term mental and physical scars left on the people of Hiroshima would have been not knowing what happened to family members, and friends who where missing and still are missing to this day, â€Å"You’ve go to find him†3, and â€Å"†¦.search for him.†4 The physical scars left on the people of Hiroshima after the bombing are, organ damage, disease, accelerated aging, eye brows burnt off and skin damaged on faces and hands. People forgetting what Americans did to Japanese civilians, by dropping that awful thing, â€Å"He was slowing a bit. His memory, like the world’s was gettin...

Government Economic Policies and Business Essay

(a) The government used fiscal policy to increase public spending. This implies that a rise in taxation also took place. The rise in taxes meant that people had less money to spend, i.e. less disposable income. As a result, they were unable to buy as much. This caused the demand of certain products to decline. As a result, the respective companies made less profit. This meant that they were unable to produce as much (also to avoid excess supply). This led to companies cutting jobs. The cut in jobs increased unemployment, which meant people had no job, so they had no income, therefore they were unable to spend, which makes the demand fall further, and so on. (b) The government had used fiscal policy to boost the economy. In Japan, the fiscal policy was used to fund the games industry, to create more jobs, in order to increase the income and therefore, increase spending by the people in those jobs. However, we can see from the graphs that retail sales in Japan in 1997 were dramatically falling. A cause for this was the GDP which also hit an all time low in Japan. This meant that people did not have the money to spend, therefore, from the evidence available we can say that Japan’s fiscal policy was unsuccessful. (c) The country’s budget provides an opportunity not only to take an overview of the macro-economy, but also to make changes to the incentive structures created by different taxes. The chancellor has many objectives to consider at budget time. One of these objectives may be to increase taxes on polluting fuels (e.g. petrol) so as to discourage their use. This can be controlled by the fiscal policy, which, in this case would involve increasing taxes on such fuels. This may come as a direct tax on the petrol, or more indirectly by increasing the road tax on bigger vehicles. Provided that such polluting fuels are used to the same extent, this would generate higher tax revenue for the government which can then be used to increase public spending, such as building hospitals, which would not only result in better healthcare, but it would also create jobs, which would mean that people would be earning, allowing them more disposable income, and thus influencing spending power, which may in fact be another objective of the government.

Eternal Light Essay

Another â€Å"wayfarer† is Victor Frankenstein, who is striving for â€Å"eternal light,† but in another aspect. He is the â€Å"Modern Prometheus,† longing to â€Å"pour a torrent of light into our dark world,† while creating a human being – a deed, which is intrinsic to God (26). His creation is the third participant in the â€Å"journey† to â€Å"eternal light. † He is unnamed, or more often called the creature, the monster, the wretch, or the one with â€Å"unearthly ugliness† (55). Victor’s creation also dreams for â€Å"eternal light† in the meaning of pure love or happiness, but he is compelled to follow the contrary direction – to â€Å"darkness and distance† (134). The three meet each other at the â€Å"land of mist and snow,† where their â€Å"journey† ends, where the border between possible and common lies, between dream and reality, between genius and mankind, between God and mankind, between â€Å"a country of eternal light† and â€Å"darkness and distance. † The character, accountable for the novel’s drama, is Victor Frankenstein, a student in humanities. â€Å"A possible interpretation of the name Victor derives from the poem Paradise Lost by John Milton, a great influence on Shelley (a quotation from Paradise Lost is on the opening page of Frankenstein and Shelley even allows the monster himself to read it). Milton frequently refers to God as ‘the Victor’ in Paradise Lost, and Shelley sees Victor as playing God by creating life† (Wikipedia). As a god Victor is determined to endow mankind: â€Å"Yet my heart overflowed with kindness, and the love of virtue. I had begun life with benevolent intentions, and thirsted for the moment when I should put them in practice, and make myself useful to my fellow-beings† (50). Moreover, as Prometheus, he gives the world â€Å"a spark of being† (28). Furnishing the world with such extreme power Frankenstein should take the responsibility of creator and help his gift be useful not destructive. However he mishandles it. When he is fifteen, he witnesses â€Å"a most violent and terrible thunderstorm,† which â€Å"utterly destroys† an â€Å"old and beautiful oak† (18). This event could be interpreted as an allusion to how pestilential this â€Å"spark of being† could be. As Miglena Nikolchina contends, the â€Å"serious ailment† is â€Å"in the man alone, undertaking the ‘godlike’ function to be a creator, but in many respects immature for it† (57). The concrete reason for the creature being â€Å"spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on† is his physical ugliness (133). Why Frankenstein’s creation is ugly? According to Cvetan Stoyanov, â€Å"Ugliness is in fact alienation, drifting away from the vital principle – organic could not be ugly, transgressing and killing it is ugly† (206). Something, often cited in connection to Shelley’s work is a sentence in which the perfect artist is described as a morally perfect man, as a â€Å"second creator, faultless Prometheus under the sky of Jupiter† (Shaftsbury 207). In this respect Miglena Nikolchina considers Frankenstein as an untalented artist, because he is not â€Å"morally perfect† and shows this as a reason for the monster’s ugliness. She claims that the Frankenstein’s morality is not one of a creator, but one of an ordinary man. â€Å"Frankenstein has not even fancied that love – namely love and only love his creation wants – is the first characteristic of creator. † â€Å"Ugliness turns out the sign, left behind by the creator who infuses life, but does not manage to come to love it and thus calls forth death, for it is not possible the fated for living to be made without love, and has no vitality what is deprived of the mercy to be loved† (Nikolchina 79-82). Victor’s blindness about the monster’s innocent nature is more harmful than the physical blindness. The blind De Lacey is the only man who perceives the monsters good resolutions. About the structure of the novel Nikolchina offers an interesting definition. It is â€Å"constructed as if of concentric circles of ice. The sailing to the North Pole is the outer circle, which serve as a frame of Frankenstein’s story. The conversation between the monster and Frankenstein among the sea of ice near Chamounix is the frame of the monster’s story, which is the core of the novel† (Nikolchina 86). The central part of his story is when after burning down the cottage of De Lacey he wonders: â€Å"And now, with the world before me, whither should I bend my steps? (80). Hereafter he starts hunting for his creator and begins alienating from his natural innocence. The creature wends his way toward â€Å"darkness and distance. † The changing nature corroborates his moral collapse: â€Å"I travelled only at night, fearful of encountering the visage of a human being. Nature decayed around me, and the sun became heatless; rain and snow poured around me; mighty rivers were frozen; the surface of the earth was hard, and chill, and bare, and I found no shelter† (81). â€Å"Advancing into experience,† Miglena Nikolchina explains, â€Å"is entering into a core of cold as well† (87). She suggests two aspects in analysing the role of ice. First it could be seen as â€Å"a supreme, unapproachable, unsusceptible to changes reality. It elevates Frankenstein ‘from all littleness of feeling,’ it fills him with ‘a sublime ecstasy that gives wings to the soul, and allows it to soar from the obscure world to light and joy’† (Nikolchina 87). Such an eternal and infinite is the picture before Robert Walton too: â€Å"†¦the region of beauty and delight. †¦the sun is for ever visible; its broad disk just skirting the horizon, and diffusing a perpetual splendour. The explorer’s hopes are so great that they turn out fantasies – he imagines an absolutely unreal North Pole: â€Å"†¦there snow and frost are banished; and, sailing over a calm sea, we may be wafted to a land surpassing in wonders and in beauty every region hitherto discovered on the habitable globe† (2). The Modern Prometheus chooses the â€Å"wi ld and mysterious regions† to â€Å"the tamer scenes of nature† (11). He goes beyond the potentialities of ordinary people, however, aiming not at admiring of the Great Nature, but at gaining the divine secrets. While Elizabeth contemplates â€Å"with a serious and satisfied spirit the magnificent appearances of things,† Victor delights â€Å"in investigating their causes. † Elizabeth follows â€Å"the aerial creations of the poets† and â€Å"in the majestic and wondrous scenes† she finds â€Å"ample scope for admiration and delight,† while Victor is â€Å"capable of a more intense application,† and is â€Å"more deeply smitten with the thirst for knowledge† (15). He elevates his intellect, but not his soul. He does not realize that new born (for his creation emerges in a completely unfamiliar world) needs love and attendance. Striving to eternal light,† he encounters â€Å"impenetrable darkness. † Night is closing around,† †dark are the mountains,† â€Å"heavens are clouded† (40-41). The â€Å"spark of being† turns out a hideous abortion. â€Å"Thick mists hide the summits of the mountains† (54). Frankenstein falls into â€Å"deep, dark, deathlike solitude† (50). Suffering â€Å"the eternal twinkling of the stars weighed upon him,† instead of delighting â€Å"eternal light,† he exclaims: â€Å"Oh! stars, and clouds, and winds, ye are all about to mock me: if ye really pity me, crush sensation and memory; let me become as nought; but if not, depart, depart, and leave me in darkness† (87). The magnificent scenes give way to appalling â€Å"dusky plain† (124). The other aspect of the ice, according Nikolchina, is â€Å"something barren and lifeless; like a power, which is hostile to life; like muteness† (88). Longing revenge, Victor departs from land and â€Å"pursues his journey across the sea in a direction that leads to no land,† â€Å"†¦the snows thicken and the cold increases in a degree almost too severe to support†¦ The rivers were covered with ice and no fish could be procured† (123). The nature seems to be inspirited and acts against Frankenstein: â€Å"Immense and rugged mountains of ice often barred up my passage, and I often heard the thunder of the ground sea which threatened my destruction† (124). It seems he has stepped on some unseen border that can not be crossed. â€Å"When he appears almost within grasp of his foe, his hopes are suddenly extinguished, [†¦ ]. The wind arises; the sea roars; and, as with the mighty shock of an earthquake, it splits and cracks with a tremendous and overwhelming sound. The work is soon finished: in a few minutes a tumultuous sea rolls between him and his enemy, and he is left drifting on a scattered piece of ice, that is continually lessening, and thus preparing for him a hideous death† (124). â€Å"Walton is also surrounded by mountains of ice which admit of no escape and threaten every moment to crush his vessel† (127). The situation with the â€Å"unearthly† creature is however different. The stream of his spiritual development is contrary to the ones of Frankenstein and Walton. Through the epithet â€Å"unearthly† Shelley differentiates him from mankind. While Walton and Victor aim â€Å"wild and mysterious regions,† the creature seeks an intimacy with common world. The monster is â€Å"immaculate in a quite literal meaning – he is empty, tabula rasa† (Nikolchina 72). Every scene and every feeling he touches to are admirable for him. Everything is for the first time. He is a child. The monster meets the civilization, for the first, through the agency of fire, which is an allusion to a new Promethean deed. However he encounters some strangers’ fire. The â€Å"new born† learns everything from the outside world, from accidental circumstances. There is no one to guide him, no one to show him what is worth learning. According to A. A. Belskee, Shelley displays â€Å"the destructiveness of individualism, the tragedy of compulsory desolation, the intangibility of happiness without associating with others† (Belskee 303). Every approach to human society brings a lot of suffering to the creature, notwithstanding he sees â€Å"the future gilded by bright rays of hope and anticipations of joy† (65). Despondently speaking to Walton he describes himself as â€Å"the miserable and the abandoned, [†¦] an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on† (133). The only possible interrelation with the surrounding world is violence. His crimes are a natural reaction, a rebel against the complete solitude. Otherwise the monster â€Å"could not conceive how one man could go forth to murder his fellow, [†¦] when I heard details of vice and bloodshed, my wonder ceased, and I turned away with disgust and loathing† (68). He clearly declares: â€Å"I was the slave, not the master, of an impulse which I detested, yet could not disobey† (132). The wretched interprets his lot as worse than Satan’s from Milton’s Paradise Lost, for â€Å"Satan had his companions, fellow-devils, to admire and encourage him; but I am solitary and abhorred† (74). He is the only one of the tree, the only one in the world, who completely rejects society with its gall, the only one who crosses the â€Å"border,† laid by society, and fades in â€Å"no land. † He fades for there will be no one to see him. The â€Å"eternal frosts† have frozen all the hatred into his â€Å"ice-raft† and he is â€Å"soon borne away by the waves and lost in darkness and distance† (143). The hopes of â€Å"poor† Frankenstein also fade with his death. He remains at the icy border, between â€Å"eternal light† and â€Å"darkness and distance. † The only thing he succeeds in is revealing these two possibilities for the future human nature: â€Å"Seek happiness in tranquillity and avoid ambition, even if it be only the apparently innocent one of distinguishing yourself in science and discoveries. Yet why do I say this? I have myself been blasted in these hopes, yet another may succeed.